Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2002) - Seychelles (2008)

Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2002) z Seychelles (2008)

	Turks and Caicos Islands (2002)	Seychelles (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK)	23 administrative districts; Anse aux Pins, Anse Boileau, Anse Etoile, Anse Louis, Anse Royale, Baie Lazare, Baie Sainte Anne, Beau Vallon, Bel Air, Bel Ombre, Cascade, Glacis, Grand' Anse (on Mahe), Grand' Anse (on Praslin), La Digue, La Riviere Anglaise, Mont Buxton, Mont Fleuri, Plaisance, Pointe La Rue, Port Glaud, Saint Louis, Takamaka
Age structure	0-14 years: 32.6% (male 3,101; female 3,004) 15-64 years: 63.6% (male 6,266; female 5,651) 65 years and over: 3.8% (male 319; female 397) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 25.4% (male 10,504/female 10,272) 15-64 years: 68.5% (male 27,405/female 28,706) 65 years and over: 6.1% (male 1,590/female 3,418) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish	coconuts, cinnamon, vanilla, sweet potatoes, cassava (tapioca), bananas; poultry; tuna
Airports	8 (2001)	15 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)	total: 9 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 6 under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2002)	total: 6 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 4 (2007)
Area	total: 430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 455 sq km land: 455 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory.	A lengthy struggle between France and Great Britain for the islands ended in 1814, when they were ceded to the latter. Independence came in 1976. Socialist rule was brought to a close with a new constitution and free elections in 1993. President France-Albert RENE, who had served since 1977, was re-elected in 2001, but stepped down in 2004. Vice President James MICHEL took over the presidency and in July 2006 was elected to a new five-year term.
Birth rate	24.18 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	15.83 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $47 million expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-98 est.)	revenues: $380.9 million expenditures: $361.2 million (2007 est.)
Capital	Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)	name: Victoria geographic coordinates: 4 38 S, 55 27 E time difference: UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry	tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast monsoon (late May to September); warmer season during northwest monsoon (March to May)
Coastline	389 km	491 km
Constitution	introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988	18 June 1993
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands	conventional long form: Republic of Seychelles conventional short form: Seychelles local long form: Republic of Seychelles local short form: Seychelles
Currency	US dollar (USD)	-
Death rate	4.38 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	6.25 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$957 million (31 December 2007 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	the US does not have an embassy in Seychelles; the ambassador to Mauritius is accredited to Seychelles
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Jean Ronald JUMEAU chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400C, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 972-1785 FAX: [1] (212) 972-1786
Disputes - international	none	together with Mauritius, Seychelles claims the Chagos Archipelago (UK-administered British Indian Ocean Territory)
Economic aid - recipient	$4.1 million (1997) (1997)	$18.81 million (2005)
Economy - overview	The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the 93,000 visitors in 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.	Since independence in 1976, per capita output in this Indian Ocean archipelago has expanded to roughly seven times the pre-independence, near-subsistence level, moving the island into the upper-middle income group of countries. Growth has been led by the tourist sector, which employs about 30% of the labor force and provides more than 70% of hard currency earnings, and by tuna fishing. In recent years, the government has encouraged foreign investment to upgrade hotels and other services. At the same time, the government has moved to reduce the dependence on tourism by promoting the development of farming, fishing, and small-scale manufacturing. Sharp drops illustrated the vulnerability of the tourist sector in 1991-92 due largely to the Gulf War and once again following the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on the US. Economic growth slowed in 1998-2002 and fell in 2003-04, due to sluggish tourist and tuna sectors, but resumed in 2005-07. Real GDP grew by 5.8% in 2007, driven by tourism and a boom in tourism-related construction. The Seychelles rupee was allowed to depreciate in 2006 after being overvalued for years and fell by 10% in the first 9 months of 2007.
Electricity - consumption	4.65 million kWh (2000)	193.4 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	5 million kWh (2000)	208 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne Seychellois 905 m
Environment - current issues	limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater	water supply depends on catchments to collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	black	mixed French, African, Indian, Chinese, and Arab
Exchange rates	the US dollar is used	Seychelles rupees per US dollar - 6.5 (2007), 5.5 (2006), 5.5 (2005), 5.5 (2004), 5.4007 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Jim POSTON (since 16 December 2002) head of government: Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995) cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor	chief of state: President James Alix MICHEL (since 14 April 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President James MICHEL (since 14 April 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for two more terms); election last held 28-30 July 2006 (next to be held in 2011) election results: President James MICHEL elected president; percent of vote - James MICHEL 53.73%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN 45.71%, Philippe BOULLE 0.56%; note - this was the first election in which President James MICHEL participated; he was originally sworn in as president after former president France Albert RENE stepped down in April 2004
Exports	$13.7 million (1999)	0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells	canned tuna, frozen fish, cinnamon bark, copra, petroleum products (reexports)
Exports - partners	US, UK	UK 25.5%, France 17.5%, Italy 11.9%, Mauritius 8.5%, Japan 8.3%, Spain 8.2%, Netherlands 4.3% (2006)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus	five oblique bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, red, white, and green (bottom) radiating from the bottom of the hoist side
GDP	purchasing power parity - $128 million (1999 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 2.4% industry: 25.6% services: 72% (2007 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $7,300 (1999 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	8.7% (1999 est.)	5.8% (2007 est.)
Geographic coordinates	21 45 N, 71 35 W	4 35 S, 55 40 E
Geography - note	about 40 islands (eight inhabited)	41 granitic and about 75 coralline islands
Highways	total: 121 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 97 km (2000)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe	-
Imports	$175.6 million (1999)	5,800 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials	machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals
Imports - partners	US, UK	Saudi Arabia 17.7%, South Africa 9.7%, Spain 8.1%, France 7.8%, Singapore 7.2%, Italy 4.8%, UK 4% (2006)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	29 June 1976 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	1% (2007 est.)
Industries	tourism, offshore financial services	fishing, tourism, processing of coconuts and vanilla, coir (coconut fiber) rope, boat building, printing, furniture; beverages
Infant mortality rate	17.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	total: 14.75 deaths/1,000 live births male: 18.67 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4% (1995) (1995)	2.9% (2007 est.)
International organization participation	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau)	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, C, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	14 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court	Court of Appeal; Supreme Court; judges for both courts are appointed by the president
Labor force	4,848 (1990 est.)	30,900 (1996)
Labor force - by occupation	about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services (1997 est.)	agriculture: 10% industry: 19% services: 71% (1989)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 2.33% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (1998 est.)	arable land: 2.17% permanent crops: 13.04% other: 84.79% (2005)
Languages	English (official)	Creole 91.8%, English 4.9% (official), other 3.1%, unspecified 0.2% (2002 census)
Legal system	based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas	based on English common law, French civil law, and customary law
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 4 March 1999 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 52.2%, PNP 40.9%, independent 6.9%; seats by party - PDM 9, PNP 4	unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (34 seats; 25 members elected by popular vote, 9 allocated on a proportional basis to parties winning at least 10% of the vote; to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 10-12 May 2007 (next to be held in 2012) election results: percent of vote by party - SPPF 56.2%, SNP 43.8%; seats by party - SPPF 23, SNP 11
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 73.76 years male: 71.59 years female: 76.03 years (2002 est.)	total population: 72.34 years male: 66.98 years female: 77.86 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 91.8% male: 91.4% female: 92.3% (2002 census)
Location	Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas	archipelago in the Indian Ocean, northeast of Madagascar
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Africa
Maritime claims	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	total: 6 ships (1000 GRT or over) 108,348 GRT/165,593 DWT by type: cargo 1, carrier 1, chemical tanker 4 foreign-owned: 3 (Hong Kong 1, Nigeria 1, South Africa 1) (2007)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	-
Military branches	-	Seychelles Defense Force: Army, Coast Guard (includes Naval Wing, Air Wing), National Guard (2005)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	2% (2006 est.)
National holiday	Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)	Constitution Day (National Day), 18 June (1993)
Nationality	noun: none adjective: none	noun: Seychellois (singular and plural) adjective: Seychellois
Natural hazards	frequent hurricanes	lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare; short droughts possible
Natural resources	spiny lobster, conch	fish, copra, cinnamon trees
Net migration rate	12.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-5.25 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
People - note	destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US	-
Political parties and leaders	People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN]	Democratic Party or DP [James MANCHAM, Paul CHOW]; Seychelles National Party or SNP [Wavel RAMKALAWAN] (formerly the United Opposition or UO); Seychelles People's Progressive Front or SPPF [France Albert RENE, James MICHEL] (the governing party)
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	Roman Catholic Church; trade unions
Population	18,738 (July 2002 est.)	81,895 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	3.28% (2002 est.)	0.432% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Grand Turk, Providenciales	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 2 (2001)
Radios	8,000 (1997)	-
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)	Roman Catholic 82.3%, Anglican 6.4%, Seventh Day Adventist 1.1%, other Christian 3.4%, Hindu 2.1%, Muslim 1.1%, other non-Christian 1.5%, unspecified 1.5%, none 0.6% (2002 census)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.023 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.955 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.465 male(s)/female total population: 0.932 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	17 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services domestic: NA international: 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: effective system domestic: combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity is roughly 110 telephones per 100 persons; radiotelephone communications between islands in the archipelago international: country code - 248; direct radiotelephone communications with adjacent island countries and African coastal countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	3,000 (1994)	20,700 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1994)	70,300 (2006)
Television broadcast stations	0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997)	2 (plus 9 repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps	Mahe Group is granitic, narrow coastal strip, rocky, hilly; others are coral, flat, elevated reefs
Total fertility rate	3.18 children born/woman (2002 est.)	1.74 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	10% (1997 est.)	NA%
Waterways	none	-

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